Do Hispanic Puerto Rican men have worse outcomes after radical prostatectomy? Results from SEARCH

• Published in: Cancer medicine (Malden, MA) Vol. 13; no. 4; pp. e7012 - n/a
• Main Authors: Guerrios‐Rivera, Lourdes, Janes, Jessica L., De Hoedt, Amanda M., Klaassen, Zachary, Terris, Martha K., Cooperberg, Matthew R., Amling, Christopher L., Kane, Christopher J., Aronson, William J., Fowke, Jay H., Freedland, Stephen J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.02.2024; Wiley
• Subjects: Biopsy; Black people; Cancer therapies; Castration; Ethnicity; Hispanic people; Lymph nodes; Lymphatic system; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Mortality; Patients; Prostate cancer; Prostatectomy; Radiation; Surgery; Veterans; North Carolina; United States > US; Puerto Rico
• ISSN: 2045-7634; 2045-7634
• DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7012

Background We previously reported that outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP) were similar among non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic White, and Hispanic White Veterans Affairs (VA) patients. However, prostate cancer (PC) mortality in Puerto Rican Hispanics (PRH) may be higher than in other Hispanic groups. Data focused on PRH patients is sparse; thus, we tested the association between PR ethnicity and outcomes after RP. Methods Analysis included men in SEARCH cohort who underwent RP (1988–2020, n = 8311). PRH patients (n = 642) were treated at the PR VA, and outcomes were compared to patients treated in the Continental US regardless of race. Logistic regression was used to test the associations between PRH and PC aggressiveness, adjusting for demographic and clinicopathological features. Multivariable Cox models were used to investigate PRH versus Continental differences in biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastases, castration‐resistant PC (CRPC), and PC‐specific mortality (PCSM). Results Compared to Continental patients, PRH patients had lower adjusted odds of pathological grade group ≥2 (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001), and positive margins (p < 0.001). In contrast, PRH patients had higher odds of extracapsular extension (p < 0.001). In Cox models, PRH patients had a higher risk for BCR (HR = 1.27, p < 0.001), metastases (HR = 1.49, p = 0.014), CRPC (HR = 1.80, p = 0.001), and PCSM (HR = 1.74, p = 0.011). Further adjustment for extracapsular extension and other pathological variables strengthened these findings. Conclusions In an equal access setting, PRH RP patients generally had better pathological features, but despite this, they had significantly worse post‐treatment outcomes than men from the Continental US, regardless of race. The reasons for the poorer prognosis among PRH men require further research. In an equal access medical services setting, Puerto Rican men after radical prostatectomy surgery generally had better pathological features, but despite this, they had significantly worse posttreatment outcomes than men from the Continental US.