Extracellular genomic biomarkers of osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic, debilitating and degenerative disease of the joints, is the most common form of arthritis. The seriousness of this prevalent and chronic disease is often overlooked. Disease modifying OA drug development is hindered by the lack of soluble biomarkers to detect OA early...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inExpert review of molecular diagnostics Vol. 18; no. 1; p. 55
Main Authors Budd, Emma, Nalesso, Giovanna, Mobasheri, Ali
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 02.01.2018
Subjects
Animals
Biomarkers
Disease Progression
Extracellular Space - genetics
Genomics - methods
Humans
Liquid Biopsy
Osteoarthritis - diagnosis
Osteoarthritis - genetics
Sensitivity and Specificity
Synovial Fluid
extracellular
cfDNA
extracellular nucleic acid carriers
miRNA
mRNA
body fluids
ncRNA
Osteoarthritis
genomic biomarkers
liquid biopsy
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Summary:Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic, debilitating and degenerative disease of the joints, is the most common form of arthritis. The seriousness of this prevalent and chronic disease is often overlooked. Disease modifying OA drug development is hindered by the lack of soluble biomarkers to detect OA early. The objective of OA biomarker research is to identify early OA prior to the appearance of radiographic signs and the development of pain. Areas covered: This review has focused on extracellular genomic material that could serve as biomarkers of OA. Recent studies have examined the expression of extracellular genomic material such as miRNA, lncRNA, snoRNA, mRNA and cell-free DNA, which are aberrantly expressed in the body fluids of OA patients. Changes in genomic content of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in OA could also function as biomarkers of OA. Expert commentary: There is an unmet need for soluble biomarkers for detecting and then monitoring OA disease progression. Extracellular genomic material research may also reveal more about the underlying pathophysiology of OA. Minimally-invasive liquid biopsies such as synovial fluid and blood sampling of genomic material may be more sensitive over radiography in the detection, diagnosis and monitoring of OA in the future.
ISSN:1744-8352
DOI:10.1080/14737159.2018.1415757