Epidemiology of Nontyphoidal Salmonella Bacteremia during the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Epidemic

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 164; no. 1; pp. 81 - 87
• Main Authors: Levine, William C., Buehler, James W., Bean, Nancy H., Tauxe, Robert V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chicago, IL The University of Chicago Press 01.07.1991; University of Chicago Press
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS; AIDS/HIV; Bacteremia; Biological and medical sciences; Blood; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemics; Epidemiology; Female; HIV; HIV Infections - complications; HIV Infections - epidemiology; Humans; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Incidence; Infections; Major Articles; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Risk Factors; Salmonella; Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella enteritidis - isolation & purification; Salmonella infections; Salmonella Infections - complications; Salmonella Infections - epidemiology; Salmonella typhimurium - isolation & purification; Sepsis - complications; Sepsis - epidemiology; Sex Factors; Surveillance; United States - epidemiology; United States; Infection; Immunopathology; Septicemia; Risk factor; Bacteriosis; Digestive diseases; Complication; Hemopathy; Salmonellosis
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/164.1.81

To assess the impact of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic on nontyphoidal Salmonella septicemia and to identify risk factors for this infection, national laboratory-based Salmonella surveillance data and AIDS case reports were analyzed. Among 25- to 49-year-old men in states with a high incidence of AIDS, the proportion of Salmonella isolates reported from blood increased from 2.8% in 1978–1982 to 14.2% in 1983–1987, with substantial increases for serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. Of adolescents and adults reported with AIDS from September 1987 through March 1990, 337 (0.48%) had recurrent Salmonella septicemia, with higher proportions among those who resided in the Northeast (0.86%), had a history of intravenous drug use (0.79%), or were black (0.74%) or Hispanic (0.57%). These data suggest that the risk of Salmonella septicemia in persons with AIDS is affected by geographic prevalence of Salmonella species, host characteristics, and invasiveness of infecting strains