Interannual variability of outgoing longwave radiation as observed by AIRS and CERES

• Published in: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 117; no. D23
• Main Authors: Susskind, Joel, Molnar, Gyula, Iredell, Lena, Loeb, Norman G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington, DC Blackwell Publishing Ltd 16.12.2012; American Geophysical Union
• Subjects: AIRS; Atmospheric sciences; CERES; Climate change; Cloud cover; Earth; Earth sciences; Earth, ocean, space; El Nino; Exact sciences and technology; External geophysics; Geophysics; La Nina; OLR; Remote sensing; Time series; Water vapor; Clear sky; El Nino; water vapor; Outgoing longwave radiation; Time series; tropical zone; Cloudiness; anomalies; La Nina; stability; Interannual variation
• ISSN: 0148-0227; 2169-897X; 2156-2202; 2169-8996
• DOI: 10.1029/2012JD017997

The paper examines spatial anomaly time series of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and Clear Sky OLR (OLRCLR) as determined using observations from CERES Terra and AIRS over the time period September 2002 through June 2011. We find excellent agreement of the two OLR data sets in almost every detail down to the 1° × 1° spatial grid point level. The extremely close agreement of OLR anomaly time series derived from observations by two different instruments implies high stability of both sets of results. Anomalies of global mean, and especially tropical mean, OLR are shown to be strongly correlated with an El Niño Index. These correlations explain that the recent global and tropical mean decreases in OLR over the time period studied are primarily the result of a transition from an El Niño condition at the beginning of the data record to La Niña conditions toward the end of the data period. We show that the close correlation of mean OLR anomalies with the El Niño Index can be well accounted for by temporal changes of OLR within two spatial regions, one to the east of, and one to the west of, the NOAA Niño‐4 region. Anomalies of OLR in these two spatial regions are both strongly correlated with the El Niño Index as a result of the strong anticorrelation of anomalies of cloud cover and midtropospheric water vapor in these two regions with the El Niño Index. Key Points AIRS and CERES OLR time series anomalies exhibit close agreement OLR anomaly times series are positively correlated with El Nino Index Water vapor and cloud spatial/temporal changes are related to El Nino Index