In Vitro Thrombogenicity Testing of Biomaterials

• Published in: Advanced healthcare materials Vol. 8; no. 21; pp. e1900527 - n/a
• Main Authors: Braune, Steffen, Latour, Robert A., Reinthaler, Markus, Landmesser, Ulf, Lendlein, Andreas, Jung, Friedrich
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.11.2019
• Subjects: biomaterials; blood tests; implants; in vitro; thrombogenicity; blood tests; biomaterials; thrombogenicity; implants; in vitro
• ISSN: 2192-2640; 2192-2659
• DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900527

The short‐ and long‐term thrombogenicity of implant materials is still unpredictable, which is a significant challenge for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. A knowledge‐based approach for implementing biofunctions in materials requires a detailed understanding of the medical device in the biological system. In particular, the interplay between material and blood components/cells as well as standardized and commonly acknowledged in vitro test methods allowing a reproducible categorization of the material thrombogenicity requires further attention. Here, the status of in vitro thrombogenicity testing methods for biomaterials is reviewed, particularly taking in view the preparation of test materials and references, the selection and characterization of donors and blood samples, the prerequisites for reproducible approaches and applied test systems. Recent joint approaches in finding common standards for a reproducible testing are summarized and perspectives for a more disease oriented in vitro thrombogenicity testing are discussed. In vitro thrombogenicity testing of biomaterials is reviewed regarding prerequisites for a reproducible in vitro testing, applied test systems, and test parameters for the characterization of the blood–material interaction. Recent approaches that may support realizing reliable, reproducible, and laboratory independent tests are outlined.