Mechanical comparison of endosteal substitution and lateral plate fixation in supracondylar fractures of the femur

• Published in: Journal of orthopaedic trauma Vol. 15; no. 2; p. 96
• Main Authors: Prayson, M J, Datta, D K, Marshall, M P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.02.2001
• Subjects: Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone Plates; Femoral Fractures - surgery; Fracture Fixation, Internal - instrumentation; Fracture Fixation, Internal - methods; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary - instrumentation; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary - methods; Humans; Models, Anatomic; Random Allocation; Sensitivity and Specificity; Weight-Bearing
• ISSN: 0890-5339; 1531-2291
• DOI: 10.1097/00005131-200102000-00004

To assess for improved rigidity with the addition of a medial endosteal plate to laterally plated supracondylar femoral fractures. A randomized paired study in a supracondylar femoral fracture model comparing two fixation methods tested cyclically in axial and torsional loading. One-centimeter supracondylar gap osteotomies were created in twenty synthetic femurs approximately six centimeters proximal to the knee joint. Ten were stabilized with a lateral eight-hole buttress plate alone, and ten were secured by a similar lateral buttress plate plus a medial endosteal eight-hole dynamic compression plate. Group 1 (n = 5; lateral plate alone) and Group 2 (n = 5; lateral and endosteal plates) were axially loaded up to 700 newtons through a materials test system for three cycles. A displacement transducer detected movement at the medial fracture gap. Group 3 (n = 5; lateral plate alone) and Group 4 (n = 5; lateral and endosteal plates) were tested in torsion. A rod-and-pulley system created an external rotation torque up to twenty Newton-meters for three cycles. A rotary potentiometer measured angular displacement. Lateral buttress plating with endosteal substitution showed statistically significant decreased motion at the fracture site in torsional (p < 0.004) and axial loading (p < 0.0001) versus lateral buttress plating alone using Student's t test. The addition of a 4.5-millimeter endosteal plate to a lateral buttress plate provides significantly increased stability, as compared with lateral plating alone in a femoral supracondylar fracture model during simulated axial and torsional loading. Neither fixation construct, however, restored the torsional stability of the distal femur to its preinjury (intact) level.