Palladium/Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g‐C3N4) Stabilized Emulsion Microreactor as a Store for Hydrogen from Ammonia Borane for Use in Alkene Hydrogenation

Direct hydrogenation of C=C double bonds is a basic transformation in organic chemistry which is vanishing from simple practice because of the need for pressurized hydrogen. Ammonia borane (AB) has emerged as a hydrogen source through its safety and high hydrogen content. However, in conventional sy...

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Published inAngewandte Chemie International Edition Vol. 57; no. 45; pp. 14857 - 14861
Main Authors Han, Chenhui, Meng, Peng, Waclawik, Eric R., Zhang, Chao, Li, Xin‐Hao, Yang, Hengquan, Antonietti, Markus, Xu, Jingsan
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 05.11.2018
EditionInternational ed. in English
Subjects
Alkenes
Ammonia
Carbon nitride
emulsion microreactors
graphitic carbon nitrides
Hydrogen
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogenation
Interfaces
Nanoparticles
Organic chemistry
Palladium
palladium nanoparticles
Substrates
palladium nanoparticles
emulsion microreactors
graphitic carbon nitrides
hydrogenation
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Summary:Direct hydrogenation of C=C double bonds is a basic transformation in organic chemistry which is vanishing from simple practice because of the need for pressurized hydrogen. Ammonia borane (AB) has emerged as a hydrogen source through its safety and high hydrogen content. However, in conventional systems the hydrogen liberated from the high‐cost AB cannot be fully utilized. Herein, we develop a novel Pd/g‐C3N4 stabilized Pickering emulsion microreactor, in which alkenes are hydrogenated in the oil phase with hydrogen originating from AB in the water phase, catalysed by the Pd nanoparticles at the interfaces. This approach is advantageous for more economical hydrogen utilization over conventional systems. The emulsion microreactor can be applied to a range of alkene substrates, with the conversion rates achieving >95 % by a simple modification. What's in store? A Pd/graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) stabilized Pickering emulsion microreactor allows alkene hydrogenation using ammonia borane as the hydrogen source. This system can serve as a general hydrogen buffer space, leading to unit efficiency of hydrogen utilization. This emulsion microreactor provides more economical hydrogen utilization than conventional systems.
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ISSN:1433-7851
1521-3773
DOI:10.1002/anie.201809882