Current Paradigms of Combination Therapy in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Bacteremia: Does it Work, Which Combination, and For Which Patients?

• Published in: Clinical infectious diseases Vol. 73; no. 12; pp. 2353 - 2360
• Main Authors: Rose, Warren, Fantl, Michael, Geriak, Matthew, Nizet, Victor, Sakoulas, George
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 16.12.2021
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia - drug therapy; Humans; Invited; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Salvage Therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; combination therapy; MRSA; bacteremia
• ISSN: 1058-4838; 1537-6591; 1537-6591
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab452

Abstract The last several years have seen an emergence of literature documenting the utility of combination antimicrobial therapy, particularly in the salvage of refractory methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Recent clinical data are shaping conundrums of which regimens may be more beneficial, which can be potentially harmful, and which subset of patients stand to benefit from more aggressive treatment regimens than called for by current standards. In addition, the incorporation of combination therapy for MRSA bacteremia should be accompanied by the reminder that antimicrobial therapy does not need to be uniform for the entire duration, with an early intensive phase in high inoculum infections (eg, with combination therapy), followed by a consolidation phase (ie, monotherapy). This review and perspective consolidates the recent data on this subject and directs future goals in filling the knowledge gaps to methodically move forward towards improving patient outcomes. This review consolidates the recent data on combination therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia, provides perspective on potential use and applicable patients, and directs future goals in filling the knowledge gaps to methodically move forward toward improving patient outcomes.