Development of an advanced multi-material bird-strike model using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

• Published in: International journal of crashworthiness Vol. 18; no. 6; pp. 579 - 597
• Main Authors: McCallum, Stuart, Shoji, Hirokazu, Akiyama, Hiroyuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Taylor & Francis 01.12.2013; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Biometrics; bird-strike; certification; Fluid mechanics; gelatine; hydrodynamic; multi-material; Porosity; Simulation; SPH
• ISSN: 1358-8265; 1573-8965; 1754-2111
• DOI: 10.1080/13588265.2013.843498

This paper presents the results of simulations used to verify the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method for bird-strike simulation and assess the influence of the bird-model shape, internal organ structure and certification configurations by comparing traditional primitive models to a new model based on biometric and published CT-scan data. Initially, a series of analyses and sensitivity studies are performed for traditional models with air porosity which show the Hugoniot pressure, steady-state pressure, impulse and force history data are in close agreement with classical hydrodynamic theory. The new model which includes eight body parts and accounts for variations in density and material strength indicates a lower Hugoniot pressure and increased asymmetry during impact. The results of the new model also show that a bird in a representative flight configuration has a longer impact duration and higher peak impact force when compared to the current folded configuration used in certification testing and simulations.