Unpacking the complexity of the PET drink bottles value chain: A chemicals perspective

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 430; p. 128410
• Main Authors: Gerassimidou, Spyridoula, Lanska, Paulina, Hahladakis, John N., Lovat, Elena, Vanzetto, Silvia, Geueke, Birgit, Groh, Ksenia J., Muncke, Jane, Maffini, Maricel, Martin, Olwenn V., Iacovidou, Eleni
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.05.2022
• Subjects: Acetaldehyde; Antimony; Chemicals; Food contact materials; Migration; PET drink bottles; Plastic packaging; Plastics; Polyethylene Terephthalates - chemistry; Recycling; Plastic packaging; Food contact materials; Recycling; PET drink bottles; Migration; Chemicals
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128410

Chemicals can migrate from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) drink bottles to their content and recycling processes may concentrate or introduce new chemicals to the PET value chain. Therefore, even though recycling PET bottles is key in reducing plastic pollution, it may raise concerns about safety and quality. This study provides a systematic evidence map of the food contact chemicals (FCCs) that migrate from PET drink bottles aiming to identify challenges in closing the plastic packaging loop. The migration potential of 193 FCCs has been investigated across the PET drink bottles lifecycle, of which 150 have been detected to migrate from PET bottles into food simulants/food samples. The study reveals that much research has focused on the migration of antimony (Sb), acetaldehyde and some well-known endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). It indicates and discusses the key influential factors on FCCs migration, such as physical characteristics and geographical origin of PET bottles, storage conditions, and reprocessing efficiency . Although, safety and quality implications arising from the recycling of PET bottles remain underexplored, the higher migration of Sb and Bishphenol A has been reported in recycled (rPET) compared to virgin PET. This is attributed to multiple contamination sources and the variability in the collection, sorting, and decontamination efficiency. Better collaboration among stakeholders across the entire PET bottles lifecycle is needed to ensure sustainable resource management and food contact safety of rPET. [Display omitted] •Food contact chemicals (FCCs) migrating from PET bottles are examined.•193 FCCs have been investigated, of which 150 have been detected at least once.•Research has focused on the migration of Sb, acetaldehyde and some well-known EDCs.•Safety implications arising from reprocessing of PET bottles remain underexplored.•Safety of rPET depends on transparency and cooperation across the value chain.