Effects of Social Media on Adolescents' Willingness and Intention to Use E-Cigarettes: An Experimental Investigation

• Published in: Nicotine & tobacco research Vol. 23; no. 4; p. 694
• Main Authors: Vogel, Erin A, Ramo, Danielle E, Rubinstein, Mark L, Delucchi, Kevin L, Darrow, Sabrina M, Costello, Caitlin, Prochaska, Judith J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 19.03.2021
• Subjects: Adolescent; California - epidemiology; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems - statistics & numerical data; Female; Humans; Intention; Male; Peer Group; Social Media - statistics & numerical data; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vaping - epidemiology; Vaping - psychology; California
• ISSN: 1469-994X
• DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa003

This study examined the effects of experimentally manipulated social media exposure on adolescents' willingness and intention to use e-cigarettes. Participants were 135 adolescents of age 13-18 (52.6% female, mean age = 15.3) in California. Participants viewed six social media posts online in a 2 (post source: peer or advertisement) × 2 (e-cigarette content exposure: heavy or light) between-subjects design. Analyses were weighted to population benchmarks. We examined adolescents' beliefs, willingness, and intention to use e-cigarettes in association with social media use intensity in daily life and with experimentally manipulated exposure to social media posts that varied by source (peer or advertisement) and content (e-cigarette heavy or light). Greater social media use in daily life was associated with greater willingness and intention to use e-cigarettes and more positive attitudes, greater perceived norms, and lower perceived danger of e-cigarette use (all p-values <.01). In tests of the experimental exposures, heavy (vs. light) e-cigarette content resulted in greater intention (p = .049) to use e-cigarettes and more positive attitudes (p = .019). Viewing advertisements (vs. peer-generated posts) resulted in greater willingness and intention (p-values <.01) to use e-cigarettes, more positive attitudes (p = .003), and greater norm perceptions (p = .009). The interaction effect of post source by post content was not significant for any of the outcomes (all p-values >.529). Greater social media use and heavier exposure to advertisements and e-cigarette content in social media posts are associated with a greater risk for e-cigarette use among adolescents. Regulatory action is needed to prohibit sponsored e-cigarette content on social media platforms used by youth. Adolescents who use social media intensely may be at higher risk for e-cigarette use. Even brief exposure to e-cigarette content on social media was associated with greater intention to use and more positive attitudes toward e-cigarettes. Regulatory action should be taken to prohibit sponsored e-cigarette content on social media used by young people, including posts by influencers who appeal to young people.