Post-Transcriptional Expression Control in Platelet Biogenesis and Function

Platelets are highly abundant cell fragments of the peripheral blood that originate from megakaryocytes. Beside their well-known role in wound healing and hemostasis, they are emerging mediators of the immune response and implicated in a variety of pathophysiological conditions including cancer. Des...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 20; p. 7614
Main Authors Neu, Carolin T., Gutschner, Tony, Haemmerle, Monika
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 15.10.2020
MDPI
Subjects
Alzheimer's disease
Animals
Biosynthesis
Blood platelets
Blood Platelets - cytology
Blood Platelets - metabolism
Bone marrow
Cell cycle
Cell division
Gene expression
Humans
MicroRNAs
Mitochondrial DNA
Proteins
Review
RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional
RNA, Untranslated - genetics
RNA, Untranslated - metabolism
RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Stem cells
Thrombopoiesis
posttranscriptional regulation
RBP
lncRNA
thrombosis
circRNA
miRNA
platelets
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Summary:Platelets are highly abundant cell fragments of the peripheral blood that originate from megakaryocytes. Beside their well-known role in wound healing and hemostasis, they are emerging mediators of the immune response and implicated in a variety of pathophysiological conditions including cancer. Despite their anucleate nature, they harbor a diverse set of RNAs, which are subject to an active sorting mechanism from megakaryocytes into proplatelets and affect platelet biogenesis and function. However, sorting mechanisms are poorly understood, but RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been suggested to play a crucial role. Moreover, RBPs may regulate RNA translation and decay following platelet activation. In concert with other regulators, including microRNAs, long non-coding and circular RNAs, RBPs control multiple steps of the platelet life cycle. In this review, we will highlight the different RNA species within platelets and their impact on megakaryopoiesis, platelet biogenesis and platelet function. Additionally, we will focus on the currently known concepts of post-transcriptional control mechanisms important for RNA fate within platelets with a special emphasis on RBPs.
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These authors contributed equally to this manuscript.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21207614