Occurrence of antibiotics in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) following organic soil fertilisation under plot-scale conditions: Crop and human health implications

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 436; p. 129044
• Main Authors: Matamoros, V., Casas, M. Escolà, Mansilla, S., Tadić, Đ., Cañameras, N., Carazo, N., Portugal, J., Piña, B., Díez, S., Bayona, J.M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.08.2022
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; antibiotics; crops; Fertilization; Fertilizers; human health risk; Humans; Lactuca; metabolomics; Raphanus; Sewage; Soil; Soil Pollutants - analysis; Swine; transcriptomics; transcriptomics; crops; metabolomics; antibiotics; human health risk
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129044

Recent studies have demonstrated the crop uptake of antibiotics (ABs) from soils treated with AB-carrying fertilisers. However, there is a lack of plot-scale studies linking their effects at the agronomic and metabolomic/transcriptomic level to their impact on human health. This paper assesses the plant uptake of 23 ABs following two productive cycles of lettuce and radish cropped with sewage sludge, pig slurry, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste, or chemical fertilisation under plot-scale conditions (32 plots spanning 3-10 m2 each). AB uptake by plants depended on both the vegetable and the AB class and was higher in radish than in lettuce edible parts. Levels ranged from undetectable to up to 76 ng/g (fresh weight). Repetitive organic fertilisation resulted in an increase in the concentration of ABs in lettuce leaves, but not in radish roots. Significant metabolomic and transcriptomic changes were observed following soil fertilisation. Nevertheless, a human health risk assessment indicates that the occurrence of ABs in lettuce or radish edible parts does not pose any risk. To our knowledge, this is the first holistic plot-scale study demonstrating that the use of organic fertilisers containing ABs is safe for crop security and human health. [Display omitted] •Plant antibiotic uptake depends on the compound and the plant variety.•The occurrence of antibiotic metabolites increases following soil fertilization.•Antibiotics do not affect plant agronomics, metabolomics, or transcriptomics.•Plant dopamine content can be used as tracer of organic fertilization.•The presence of antibiotics does not pose a human health risk.