The glial perspective of autism spectrum disorders

The aetiology of autism spectrum disorders remains unclear although a growing number of associated genetic abnormalities and environmental factors have been discovered in recent decades. These advancements coincided with a remarkable increase in the comprehension of physiological functions and patho...

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Published inNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews Vol. 38; pp. 160 - 172
Main Authors Zeidán-Chuliá, Fares, Salmina, Alla B, Malinovskaya, Natalia A, Noda, Mami, Verkhratsky, Alexei, Moreira, José Cláudio Fonseca
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.01.2014
Subjects
Animals
Brain - physiopathology
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - genetics
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology
Humans
Neuroglia - physiology
Autism
Gene
Oligodendrocyte
Neurone
NG2 cells
Environmental factors
Astrocyte
Microglia
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Summary:The aetiology of autism spectrum disorders remains unclear although a growing number of associated genetic abnormalities and environmental factors have been discovered in recent decades. These advancements coincided with a remarkable increase in the comprehension of physiological functions and pathological potential of neuroglia in the central nervous system that led to a notion of fundamental contribution of glial cells into multiple neuropathologies, including neuropsychiatric and developmental disorders. Growing evidence indicates a role for deregulation of astroglial control over homeostasis and plastic potential of neural networks as well as microglial malfunction and neuroinflammatory response in the brains of autistic patients. In this review, we shall summarize the status and pathological potential of neuroglia and argue for neuroglial roots of autistic disorders.
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ISSN:0149-7634
1873-7528
DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.11.008