Antrodia camphorata inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology Vol. 46; no. 8; pp. 2680 - 2688
• Main Authors: Hseu, You-Cheng, Chen, Ssu-Ching, Chen, Huang-Chi, Liao, Jiuun-Wang, Yang, Hsin-Ling
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2008; New York, NY Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - therapeutic use; Antrodia Camphorata; Apoptosis; Biological and medical sciences; Blotting, Western; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy; Breast Neoplasms - pathology; Cell cycle arrest; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 - biosynthesis; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 - biosynthesis; Cyclins - biosynthesis; Cyclins - genetics; Female; Fermentation; Flow Cytometry; Genes, bcl-2 - drug effects; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Humans; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Mammary gland diseases; Medical sciences; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Polyporales - chemistry; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen - biosynthesis; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen - genetics; Toxicology; Tumors; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Cell cycle arrest; Breast cancer; Antrodia Camphorata; Apoptosis; Human; Cell proliferation; Breast disease; Malignant tumor; In vitro; Mammary gland diseases; In vivo; Cell death; Cell cycle; Inhibitor; Tumor cell; Cancer
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.04.036

Antrodia camphorata ( A. camphorata) has been shown to induce apoptosis in cultured human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). In this study, we report the effectiveness of the fermented culture broth of A. camphorata in terms of tumor regression as determined using both in vitro cell culture and in vivo athymic nude mice models of breast cancer. We found that the A. camphorata treatment decreased the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells by arresting progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. This cell cycle blockade was associated with reductions in cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, cyclin A, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and increased CDK inhibitor p27/KIP and p21/WAF1 in a dose and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, the A. camphorata treatment was effective in delaying tumor incidence in the nude mice inoculated with MDA-MB-231 cells as well as reducing the tumor burden when compared to controls. A. camphorata treatment also inhibited proliferation (cyclin D1 and PCNA) and induced apoptosis (Bcl-2 and TUNEL) when the tumor tissue sections were examined histologically and immunohistochemically. These results suggest that the A. camphorata treatment induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo.