Genomics of microRNA

Discovered just over a decade ago, microRNA (miRNA) is now recognized as one of the major regulatory gene families in eukaryotic cells. Hundreds of miRNAs have been found in animals, plants and viruses, and there are certainly more to come. Through specific base-pairing with mRNAs, these tiny ∼22-nt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inTrends in genetics Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 165 - 173
Main Authors Kim, V. Narry, Nam, Jin-Wu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2006
Elsevier Science
Subjects
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
Genomics
Humans
MicroRNAs - genetics
Molecular and cellular biology
Gene silencing
Genetics
Genomics
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Summary:Discovered just over a decade ago, microRNA (miRNA) is now recognized as one of the major regulatory gene families in eukaryotic cells. Hundreds of miRNAs have been found in animals, plants and viruses, and there are certainly more to come. Through specific base-pairing with mRNAs, these tiny ∼22-nt RNAs induce mRNA degradation or translational repression, or both. Because a miRNA can target numerous mRNAs, often in combination with other miRNAs, miRNAs operate highly complex regulatory networks. In this article, we summarize the current status of miRNA gene mining and miRNA expression profiling. We also review up-to-date knowledge of miRNA gene structure and the biogenesis mechanism. Our focus is on animal miRNAs.
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ISSN:0168-9525
DOI:10.1016/j.tig.2006.01.003