Clinical manifestations and outcome of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection at tertiary care teaching hospital

• Published in: Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS Vol. 37; no. 1; pp. 38 - 45
• Main Authors: Patil, Virendra, Patil, Harsha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: India Wolters Kluwer - Medknow Publications 01.01.2016; Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd; Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd
• Subjects: Cross infection; HIV patients; Patient outcomes; Prevalence studies (Epidemiology); pulmonary tuberculosis; opportunistic infections; human immunodeficiency virus seropositive patients; Cryptococcal meningitis; progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy; Pneumocystis jirovecii
• ISSN: 0253-7184; 2589-0557; 1998-3816; 1998-3816; 2589-0565
• DOI: 10.4103/0253-7184.176213

Background: AIDS has become chronic illness which is well treated with antiretroviral therapy and management of opportunistic infections (OIs). Aims and Objectives: The study clinical profile and outcome of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive patients. Materials and Methods: This was retrospective observational study carried out over a period of 1 year (January 2011-December 2011). All HIV patients admitted in medicine ward, and ICU were enrolled. Statistical analysis was performed using SSPE statistical software trial version 11. The P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Of total 111 patients with a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS, 75 (67.56%) were male and 36 (32.43%) were female patients. A total 52 (46.84%) patients presented with respiratory manifestations, of them 23 (44.23%) had pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), 6 (11.53%) had tubercular effusion, and 3 (5.76%) had Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Respiratory manifestations including pulmonary TB were the most common presentation (P< 0.001). Total 27 (24.32%) patients were presented with the neurological manifestation of them 8 (29.62%) had a cerebro-vascular accident, 5 (18.51%) had cryptococcal meningitis, 4 (14.81%) had tubercular meningitis, and 1 (3.70%) had progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Total 12 (38.70%) had acute gastroenteritis 6 (19.35%) had oral candidiasis, 8 (25%) had general tonic clonic seizure and 7 (21.87%) had pyrexia of unknown origin, 6 (18.75%) had septicemia, 6 (18.75%) had acute renal failure, and 6 (94.11%) had anemia. A total 11 (9.90%) patients succumbed. Conclusions: Overall respiratory manifestations were the common presentation in a present cohort of HIV seropositive patients and TB was the most common OI and the cerebrovascular accident was the most common neurological manifestation.