Gut tissue‐resident memory T cells in coeliac disease

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of immunology Vol. 95; no. 1; pp. e13120 - n/a
• Main Author: Sollid, Ludvig M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2022; Blackwell Science Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Antigens; Astroviridae Infections - immunology; Autoantigens - immunology; Biopsy; CD4 antigen; Celiac disease; Celiac Disease - immunology; Cell culture; coeliac disease; Gluten; Glutens - immunology; Humans; Immunologic Memory; Immunological memory; Intestinal Mucosa - immunology; Lamina propria; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Mamastrovirus - physiology; memory; Memory cells; Memory T Cells - immunology; mucosa; Organ Specificity; T cells; tissue resident; coeliac disease; tissue resident; memory; T cells; mucosa
• ISSN: 0300-9475; 1365-3083; 1365-3083
• DOI: 10.1111/sji.13120

This mini‐review describes observations of the 1990ies with culturing of gluten‐specific and astrovirus‐specific CD4+ T cells from duodenal biopsies from subjects who presumably had a long time between the exposure to gluten or astrovirus antigens and the sampling of the biopsy. In these studies, it was also observed that antigen‐specific CD4+ T cells migrated out of the gut biopsies during overnight culture. The findings are suggestive of memory T cells in tissue which are resident, but which also can be mobilised on antigen stimulation. Of note, these findings were made years before the term tissue‐resident memory T cells was invoked. Since that time, many observations have accumulated on these gut T cells, particularly the gluten‐specific T cells, and we have insight into the turnover of CD4+ T cells in the gut lamina propria. These data make it evident that human antigen‐specific CD4+ T cells that can be cultured from gut biopsies indeed are bone fide tissue‐resident memory T cells.