CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Is Expressed Paravascularly in Apical Papilla and Coordinates with Stromal Cell–derived Factor-1α during Transmigration of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla
Abstract Introduction Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) at the apex may be attracted into the root canal space as a cell source for pulp-dentin regeneration. To test this possibility, we used in vitro transmigration models to investigate whether SCAPs can be chemoattracted by the delivery o...
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Published in | Journal of endodontics Vol. 41; no. 9; pp. 1430 - 1436 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.09.2015
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract Introduction Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) at the apex may be attracted into the root canal space as a cell source for pulp-dentin regeneration. To test this possibility, we used in vitro transmigration models to investigate whether SCAPs can be chemoattracted by the delivery of the chemotactic cytokine stromal cell–derived factor-1α (SDF-1α). Methods We first examined the expression of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) for SDF-1α in the apical papilla and in cultured SCAPs using immunofluorescence, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and flow cytometric analyses. A standard Transwell migration assay and a 3-dimensional cell migration assay were used to analyze transmigration of SCAPs via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis. Results CXCR4 was expressed in the paravascular region of the apical papilla and detected in SCAP cultures. Most cultured SCAPs harbored intracellular CXCR4 (58%–99%, n = 4), whereas only a few cells had detectable CXCR4 on the cell surface (0.3%–2.34%, n = 4). Although SDF-1α had no significant effect on SCAP proliferation, it significantly promoted a higher number of migrated cells; this effect was abolished by anti-CXCR4 antibodies. Interestingly, cell surface CXCR4 on SCAPs was not detectable until after transmigration. The 3-dimensional migration assay revealed that SDF-1α significantly enhanced SCAP migration in the collagen gel. Conclusions SCAPs can be chemoattracted via the SDF-1α/CXCR4 axis, suggesting that SDF-1α may be used clinically to induce CXCR4-expressing SCAPs in the apical papilla to transmigrate into the root canal space as an endogenous cell source for pulp regeneration. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0099-2399 1878-3554 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.006 |