Landau–De Gennes Theory of Nematic Liquid Crystals: the Oseen–Frank Limit and Beyond

• Published in: Archive for rational mechanics and analysis Vol. 196; no. 1; pp. 227 - 280
• Main Authors: Majumdar, Apala, Zarnescu, Arghir
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.04.2010; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Classical Mechanics; Complex Systems; Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties; Exact sciences and technology; Fluid- and Aerodynamics; Liquid crystals; Mathematical and Computational Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Structure of solids and liquids; crystallography; Theoretical; Global Minimizer; Uniform Convergence; Measure Zero; Liquid Crystal; Nematic Liquid Crystal; Continuum; Singularity; Elastic constants; Nematic state; Convergence rate; Biaxial load; Modelling; Eigenvalue problem; Liquid crystals; Regularity
• ISSN: 0003-9527; 1432-0673
• DOI: 10.1007/s00205-009-0249-2

We study global minimizers of a continuum Landau–De Gennes energy functional for nematic liquid crystals, in three-dimensional domains, subject to uniaxial boundary conditions. We analyze the physically relevant limit of small elastic constant and show that global minimizers converge strongly, in W 1,2 , to a global minimizer predicted by the Oseen–Frank theory for uniaxial nematic liquid crystals with constant order parameter. Moreover, the convergence is uniform in the interior of the domain, away from the singularities of the limiting Oseen–Frank global minimizer. We obtain results on the rate of convergence of the eigenvalues and the regularity of the eigenvectors of the Landau–De Gennes global minimizer. We also study the interplay between biaxiality and uniaxiality in Landau–De Gennes global energy minimizers and obtain estimates for various related quantities such as the biaxiality parameter and the size of admissible strongly biaxial regions.