Evaluation of the Gow-Gates and Vazirani-Akinosi Techniques in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: A Prospective Randomized Study

• Published in: Journal of endodontics Vol. 41; no. 1; pp. 16 - 21
• Main Authors: Click, Vivian, DDS, MS, Drum, Melissa, DDS, MS, Reader, Al, DDS, MS, Nusstein, John, DDS, MS, Beck, Mike, DDS, MA
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 2015
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Anesthesia, Dental - methods; Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage; Dental Pulp - pathology; Dentistry; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Epinephrine - administration & dosage; Female; Gow-Gates technique; Humans; Lidocaine - administration & dosage; Lip - drug effects; Male; Mandibular Nerve - drug effects; Middle Aged; Molar; Nerve Block - methods; Prospective Studies; Pulpitis - pathology; Pulpitis - therapy; Root Canal Preparation - methods; Root Canal Therapy - methods; symptomatic irreversible pulpitis; Vazirani-Akinosi technique; Young Adult; symptomatic irreversible pulpitis; Gow-Gates technique; Vazirani-Akinosi technique
• ISSN: 0099-2399; 1878-3554
• DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.010

Abstract Introduction Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of the Gow-Gates and Vazirani-Akinosi techniques in patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Therefore, the purpose of this prospective, randomized study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the Gow-Gates and Vazirani-Akinosi techniques using 3.6 mL 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine in mandibular posterior teeth in patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Methods One hundred twenty-five emergency patients diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis randomly received either a Gow-Gates or Vazirani-Akinosi injection using 3.6 mL 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine to block the inferior alveolar nerve before endodontic access. Subjective lip numbness was recorded. Pulpal anesthetic success of the injection was defined as no pain or mild pain upon endodontic access and instrumentation as measured on a visual analog scale. Results Subjective lip numbness was obtained 92% of the time with the Gow-Gates technique and 63% of the time with the Vazirani-Akinosi technique. The difference was statistically significant ( P  = .0001). For the patients achieving lip numbness, successful pulpal anesthesia was obtained 35% of the time with the Gow-Gates technique and 16% of the time with the Vazirani-Akinosi technique. The difference was statistically significant ( P  = .0381). Conclusions We concluded that for patients who achieved lip numbness neither the Gow-Gates technique nor the Vazirani-Akinosi technique provided adequate pulpal anesthesia for mandibular posterior teeth in patients presenting with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Both injections would require supplemental anesthesia.