Controlling the release from silver electrodes by titanium adlayers for health monitoring

• Published in: Nanomedicine Vol. 11; no. 4; pp. 845 - 853
• Main Authors: Amberg, Martin, MSc, Rupper, Patrick, PhD, Storchenegger, Raphael, Weder, Markus, MSc, Hegemann, Dirk, PhD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.05.2015
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Body electrodes; Care/health monitoring; Cytotoxicity; Delayed-Action Preparations - pharmacology; Diffusion barrier; Electrodes; Electroencephalography; Humans; Internal Medicine; Materials Testing; Mice; Silver - pharmacology; Silver release; Textiles; Titanium - chemistry; Body electrodes; Silver release; Diffusion barrier; Care/health monitoring; Cytotoxicity
• ISSN: 1549-9634; 1549-9642
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.12.017

Abstract Beside cancer, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of deaths worldwide. For medical diagnosis electrocardiography (ECG) is only a powerful predicting tool if the sensed cardiac cycle involves a high signal to noise ratio and reduced artefacts over a long term. The interface of the electrodes to the biological system is therefore improved with a novel textile system. The textile fiber therein is a 100 nm silver-coated yarn to improve the signal quality and the reliability of the ECG signals. Long term diagnosis involves a silver release to the applied tissue surface. It is known, that a high silver release can cause a cytotoxic effect on human cells. To prevent cytotoxicity but still enabling good electrical conductivity accompanied by positive antibacterial properties of silver we developed a nanoscaled TiOx adlayer. The biological and electrical properties of these novel electrode systems are investigated and described in the manuscript. From the Clinical Editor The detection of cardiovascular disease using electrocardiography (ECG) usually involves the attachment of electrodes on the skin. In this paper, the authors here described a novel textile system using silver-coated yarn, to provide the interface of the electrodes to the biological system. To prevent sustained high silver release that may lead to cytotoxicity, a nanoscaled TiOx adlayer was developed and added to the novel textile electrode.