Niobium doped lithium titanate as a high rate anode material for Li-ion batteries

• Published in: Electrochimica acta Vol. 55; no. 19; pp. 5453 - 5458
• Main Authors: Tian, Bingbing, Xiang, Hongfa, Zhang, Le, Li, Zhong, Wang, Haihui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 30.07.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anode materials; Applied sciences; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells; Exact sciences and technology; Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12; Li 4Ti 5O 12; Lithium-ion batteries; Lithium-ion batteries; Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12; Li 4Ti 5O 12; Anode materials; Scanning electron microscopy; Anode; Property composition relationship; Doped materials; Transition metal; Secondary cell; Electrode material; X ray diffraction; Niobium; Surface structure; O; Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry; Lithium Titanates; Nb; Ti; Morphology; Lithion ion batteries; Li; Specific capacity; Electrical characteristic; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
• ISSN: 0013-4686; 1873-3859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.04.068

Niobium doped lithium titanate with the composition of Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12 has been prepared by a sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are employed to characterize the structure and morphology of Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12. The Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12 electrode presents a higher specific capacity and better cycling performance than the Li 4Ti 5O 12 electrode prepared by the similar process. The Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12 exhibits an excellent rate capability with a reversible capacity of 135 mAh g −1 at 10 C, 127 mAh g −1 at 20 C and even 80 mAh g −1 at 40 C. Electrical resistance measurement and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) reveal that the Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12 exhibits a higher electronic conductivity and faster lithium-ion diffusivity than the Li 4Ti 5O 12, which indicates that niobium doped lithium titanate (Li 4Ti 4.95Nb 0.05O 12) is promising as a high rate anode for the lithium-ion batteries.