Role of Estrogens in Menstrual Migraine

Migraine is a major neurological disorder affecting one in nine adults worldwide with a significant impact on health care and socioeconomic systems. Migraine is more prevalent in women than in men, with 17% of all women meeting the diagnostic criteria for migraine. In women, the frequency of migrain...

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Published inCells (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 8; p. 1355
Main Authors Nappi, Rossella E, Tiranini, Lara, Sacco, Simona, De Matteis, Eleonora, De Icco, Roberto, Tassorelli, Cristina
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 15.04.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Adult
Brain research
calcitonin gene-related peptide
Contraception
DNA methylation
efficacy
Estrogens
ethinylestradiol
Female
Gene expression
Headache
Headaches
Health care
Hormone replacement therapy
Humans
Immunologic Factors
Kinases
Ligands
Male
Menstrual cycle
Menstrual Cycle - physiology
Menstruation
Migraine
Migraine Disorders - drug therapy
Migraine Disorders - epidemiology
Pain
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
Pregnancy
Proteins
Puberty
reproductive hormones
Review
Steroids
Womens health
gender
ethinylestradiol
progesterone
hormone replacement therapy
calcitonin gene-related peptide
reproductive hormones
contraception
regimen
efficacy
estradiol
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Summary:Migraine is a major neurological disorder affecting one in nine adults worldwide with a significant impact on health care and socioeconomic systems. Migraine is more prevalent in women than in men, with 17% of all women meeting the diagnostic criteria for migraine. In women, the frequency of migraine attacks shows variations over the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, and the use of combined hormonal contraception (CHC) or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can unveil or modify migraine disease. In the general population, 18-25% of female migraineurs display a menstrual association of their headache. Here we present an overview on the evidence supporting the role of reproductive hormones, in particular estrogens, in the pathophysiology of migraine. We also analyze the efficacy and safety of prescribing exogenous estrogens as a potential treatment for menstrual-related migraine. Finally, we point to controversial issues and future research areas in the field of reproductive hormones and migraine.
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ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells11081355