Adsorption of an Anionic Surfactant (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate) from an Aqueous Solution by Modified Cellulose with Quaternary Ammonium

• Published in: Polymers Vol. 14; no. 7; p. 1473
• Main Authors: Zou, Ming, Zhang, Haixin, Miyamoto, Naoto, Kano, Naoki, Okawa, Hirokazu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 05.04.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adsorbents; Adsorption; anionic surfactant; Aqueous solutions; Carbon fibers; Cations; Cellulose; Charge materials; Cotton; Environmental impact; Epichlorohydrin; Fourier transforms; Hydrochloric acid; Hydroxyl groups; Infrared spectroscopy; lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS); modified cellulose; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Nuclear power plants; Photoelectrons; Polymers; Porous materials; quaternary ammonium cation; Quaternary ammonium salts; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Surfactants; Water pollution; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Zeta potential; United States > US; Japan; modified cellulose; adsorption; anionic surfactant; lauryl sodium sulfate (SDS); quaternary ammonium cation
• ISSN: 2073-4360; 2073-4360
• DOI: 10.3390/polym14071473

In this study, a method of removing an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) from an aqueous solution by cellulose modified with quaternary ammonium cation was discussed. Cellulose, as the adsorbent, was obtained from medical cotton balls, and the quaternary ammonium cation (synthesized from dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine and epichlorohydrin) was grafted onto the sixth hydroxyl group of D-glucose in the cellulose by the Williamson reaction under alkaline conditions. The modified cellulose was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); and the zeta potential of the material was also measured after confirmation of the synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). From these analyses, a peak of the quaternary ammonium group was observed at 1637 cm ; and it was found that the surface of the material exhibited a positive charge in pH 2-7. The optimal conditions for SDS adsorption by modified cellulose were pH of 7, contact time of 3 h, and temperature of 60 °C in this study. Typical adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich) were determined for the adsorption process, and the maximal adsorption capacity was estimated as 32.5 mg g . The results of adsorption kinetics were more consistent with the pseudo-second-order equation, indicating that the adsorption process was mainly controlled by chemical adsorption. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process of SDS on the modified cellulose was endothermic and spontaneous and that an increasing temperature was conducive to adsorption.