Enhanced extraction of bioactive natural products using ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase system: Application to flavonoids extraction from jujube peels

• Published in: Food chemistry Vol. 395; p. 133530
• Main Authors: Zhu, Jinpeng, Kou, Xiaohong, Wu, Caie, Fan, Gongjian, Li, Tingting, Dou, Jinfeng, Shen, Dongbei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 30.11.2022
• Subjects: Jujube peels flavonoids; Mechanism exploration; Response surface methodology; Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction; UPLC-MS/MS; Mechanism exploration; TFC; Jujube peels flavonoids; ATPE; ATPS; UPLC-MS/MS; W/W emulsion; Response surface methodology; UA-ATPE; JPs; Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction
• ISSN: 0308-8146; 1873-7072
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133530

•A satisfactory recovery of flavonoids was obtained by UA-ATPE after RSM optimization.•Rutin, quercetin 3-β-d-glucoside, kaempferol 3-rutinoside composed flavonoids in JPs.•Multiple forces promoted the mass transfer of solvent to cells of JPs.•JPs flavonoids were captured by W/W emulsion in bottom phase and distributed to top. The ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (UA-ATPE) was employed to develop an effective technique for the extraction of flavonoids from jujube peels (JPs). The extraction conditions were further optimized as K2HPO4 35% (w/w), ethanol 20% (w/w), solid–liquid ratio 1:30 g/mL (w/v), ultrasonic power 200 W, and extraction time 50 min. Moreover, rutin, quercetin 3-β-d-glucoside, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinosid were identified as the main flavonoids by UPLC-MS/MS. Finally, the extraction mechanism of UA-ATPE was explored, which is salting out effect, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals force, and ultrasound promoted the mass transfer of solvent to cells of JPs, then extraction behavior occurred. The mechanical destruction of JPs cells by ultrasound also further accelerated the release of flavonoids. Flavonoids were captured by W/W emulsion in the bottom phase and distributed to the top phase. Overall, this study proposes a green and clean method, UA-ATPE, to extract flavonoids from JPs, while revealing the mechanism of UA-ATPE.