Weak-light solitons and their active control in Rydberg-dressed parity-time symmetry moiré optical lattices

• Published in: Results in physics Vol. 48; p. 106392
• Main Authors: Chen, Mao-Wei, Hu, Heng-Jie, Zhu, Min, Zhou, Qian-Qian, Qiu, Zhang-Cai, Li, Bin-Bin, Zhao, Yuan, Xue, Li, Xu, Si-Liu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.05.2023; Elsevier
• Subjects: Moiré optical lattices; PT-symmetric systems; Rydberg-Rydberg interaction; Solitons; Rydberg-Rydberg interaction; Moiré optical lattices; PT-symmetric systems; Solitons
• ISSN: 2211-3797; 2211-3797
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2023.106392

•Model. We propose a physical setup to realize parity-time (PT) symmetry moiré optical lattices (ML) and nonlocal optical solitons in a cold Rydberg atomic system with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The Rydberg-dressed Λ-type EIT is realized in this setup, using the coupling of the probe, control, and auxiliary laser fields to the four atomic levels.•Method. The numerical scheme is based on the following procedure: stationary solutions of different types are obtained through the modified squared-operator iteration method, their stability is identified through the perturbed evolution and linear stability analysis. Finally, direct simulations of nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NNLSE) are performed utilizing the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.•Results. A family of solitons with weak power is found in this work, including fundamental, two-pole, quadrupole, and vortex solitons, by tuning the control parameters, such as the nonlocal nonlinearity coefficients and ML parameters. We propose a physical setup to realize parity-time (PT) symmetric moiré optical lattices (ML) and nonlocal optical solitons in a cold Rydberg atomic system with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We also show that based on the PT symmetry lattice strength and giant nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity originated from the strong, long-range atom–atom interaction, the system supports two-dimension (2D) nonlocal solitons with very low light intensity. By using numerical simulation method, we uncover the formation, properties, and dynamics of higher-order solitons and vortical ones. Our study opens a route for developing non-Hermitian nonlinear optics, especially for realizing and controlling high-dimensional weak-light optical solitons through adjustable PT-symmetric moiré lattice parameters and giant nonlocal optical nonlinearity.