Immunomodulatory effects of the aromatic geranyl derivative filifolinone tested by the induction of cytokine expression

• Published in: Developmental and comparative immunology Vol. 41; no. 4; pp. 675 - 682
• Main Authors: Valenzuela, Beatriz, Imarai, Mónica, Torres, René, Modak, Brenda
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2013
• Subjects: Animals; antibiotics; antiviral properties; Cell Line; crops; Cytokines; Cytokines - biosynthesis; Cytokines - immunology; disease control; drug resistance; Filifolinone; financial economics; fish culture; Fish Diseases - drug therapy; Fish Diseases - immunology; Heliotropium; Heliotropium - immunology; immune response; Immunologic Factors - immunology; Immunologic Factors - pharmacology; Immunostimulant activity; immunostimulants; in vitro studies; infectious diseases; kidneys; leukocytes; microorganisms; Plant Extracts - immunology; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Ribomunyl; Salmo salar; salmon; Salmon - immunology; Terpenes - immunology; Terpenes - pharmacology; terpenoids; Cytokines; Filifolinone; Immunostimulant activity; Ribomunyl
• ISSN: 0145-305X; 1879-0089
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.08.001

•Filifoline is an aromatic geranyl derivative obtained by semi-synthesis.•Filifolinone is a potential alternative immunomodulator for veterinary use.•Filifolinone increases pro-imflammatory and anti- imflammatory cytokynes in SHK-1 cells.•In Atlantic salmon, filifolinone upregulates cytokines involved in Th1-type responses. Fish farming crops are constantly exposed to infectious diseases due to intensive production conditions under which microorganisms develop and spread easily, resulting in severe economic losses. The massive use of antibiotics to control these diseases has lead to the accumulation of residues and the development of drug resistance. Consequently, it is urgent to develop new pharmacological tools to stimulate protective immune responses in salmonids to combat infectious diseases. We evaluated the immunostimulant activity of terpenoid derivatives isolated from species of the Heliotropium genus, which had previously shown antiviral activity in salmon. The immunomodulatory effects of the 3 H-spiro [1-benzofuran-2,1′-ciclohexane] derivative called filifolinone, were studied in vitro using the SHK-1 cell line derived from leucocytes of salmon head kidney and in vivo in Atlantic salmon. For the evaluation, we studied the effect of this compound in the expression of various cytokines. The results showed that Filifolinone increases the levels of expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This suggests that Filifolinone is a potential alternative immunomodulator for veterinary purposes.