Effects of dietary calcium content and vitamin D source on skeletal properties in growing turkeys

• Published in: British poultry science Vol. 52; no. 6; pp. 718 - 729
• Main Authors: Tatara, M.R, Krupski, W, Jankowski, M, Zduńczyk, Z, Jankowski, J, Studziński, T
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Longman 01.12.2011; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Body Weight - drug effects; Bone Density - drug effects; Calcifediol - pharmacology; calcium; Calcium, Dietary - pharmacology; cholecalciferol; diet; Dietary Supplements; Male; Random Allocation; skeleton; tibia; Tibia - drug effects; Tibia - metabolism; turkeys; Turkeys - metabolism; vitamin content
• ISSN: 0007-1668; 1466-1799; 1466-1799
• DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.631984

1. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of feeding fast growing turkeys with differentiated dietary calcium (Ca) content, and the partial replacement of vitamin D3 in the feed with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3), on skeletal properties. 2. One-day-old Big-6 male turkeys (n = 1008) were randomly divided into 4 groups, and two subgroups were created within each group. The groups were differentiated with 4 levels of Ca provision in the feed, namely 85% of the National Research Council (NRC) recommendation (Group Ca1); 95% as above (Group Ca2); 105% as above (Group Ca3); and 115% as above (Group Ca4). The first subgroup received the recommended dosage of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 subgroup) in the feed, while in the second subgroup (Hy-D subgroup), half of the dosage of cholecalciferol was replaced with 25(OH)D3. At the ages of 4, 8, 12 and 20 weeks, 7 turkeys from each subgroup were randomly selected and killed to obtain the right tibia for densitometric, geometric and mechanical analyses. 3. This study showed advantageous effects of increased calcium supply in the diet on skeletal system properties, that were increased and produced the most desirable traits in turkeys receiving 95%, 105% and 115% of the NRC calcium recommendation. Benefits resulting from administration of 25(OH)D3 in the diet were also obtained in the skeletal formation of turkeys, and the most advantageous effects were present in the group receiving 105% of recommended dietary Ca. 4. Effects on the metabolic response of the skeleton of turkeys to manipulation of dietary calcium content and vitamin D3 source were the most evident in the groups between 4 and 12 weeks of life, and demonstrated a limited ability to induce a positive influence on bone properties at advanced stages of the production cycle by alteration of these dietary factors.