System based on subject-specific bands to recognize pedaling motor imagery: towards a BCI for lower-limb rehabilitation

• Published in: Journal of neural engineering Vol. 16; no. 5; pp. 56005 - 56020
• Main Authors: Delisle-Rodriguez, Denis, Cardoso, Vivianne, Gurve, Dharmendra, Loterio, Flavia, Alejandra Romero-Laiseca, Maria, Krishnan, Sridhar, Bastos-Filho, Teodiano
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England IOP Publishing 01.10.2019
• Subjects: brain-computer interface; motor imagery; neighborhood component analysis; pedaling motor imagery; Riemannian geometry; sparseness constraints; time-frequency analysis
• ISSN: 1741-2560; 1741-2552; 1741-2552
• DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab08c8

Objective. The aim of this study is to propose a recognition system of pedaling motor imagery for lower-limb rehabilitation, which uses unsupervised methods to improve the feature extraction, and consequently the class discrimination of EEG patterns. Approach. After applying a spectrogram based on short-time Fourier transform (SSTFT), both sparseness constraints and total power are used on the time-frequency representation to automatically locate the subject-specific bands that pack the highest power during pedaling motor imagery. The output frequency bands are employed in the recognition system to automatically adjust the cut-off frequency of a low-pass filter (Butterworth, 2nd order). Riemannian geometry is also used to extract spatial features, which are further analyzed through a fast version of neighborhood component analysis to increase the class separability. Main results. For ten healthy subjects, our recognition system based on subject-specific bands achieved mean accuracy of and mean Kappa of . Significance. Our approach can be used to obtain a low-cost robotic rehabilitation system based on motorized pedal, as pedaling exercises have shown great potential for improving the muscular performance of post-stroke survivors.