Maltase Decorated by Chiral Carbon Dots with Inhibited Enzyme Activity for Glucose Level Control

• Published in: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) Vol. 15; no. 48; pp. e1901512 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Mengling, Wang, Huibo, Wang, Bo, Ma, Yurong, Huang, Hui, Liu, Yang, Shao, Mingwang, Yao, Bowen, Kang, Zhenhui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.11.2019
• Subjects: Biocompatibility; Blood; Carbon dots; Chirality; chirality regulation; Disease control; Enzyme activity; Functional groups; Glucose; Maltose; maltose enzyme activity; Nanotechnology; Optical activity; Optical properties; Optical rotation; Precursors; Reaction time; Therapy; Toxicity; α‐glucosidase inhibitors; α-glucosidase inhibitors; carbon dots; chirality regulation; maltose enzyme activity
• ISSN: 1613-6810; 1613-6829
• DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901512

Carbon dots (CDs) have attracted increasing attention in disease therapy owing to their low toxicity and good biocompatibility. Their therapeutic effect strongly depends on the CDs structure (e.g., size or functional groups). However, the impact of CDs chirality on maltase and blood glucose level has not yet been fully emphasized and studied. Moreover, in previous reports, chiral CDs with targeted optical activity have to be synthesized from precursors of corresponding optical rotation, severely limiting chiral CDs design. Here, chiral CDs with optical rotation opposite to that of the precursor are facilely prepared through electrochemical polymerization. Interestingly, their chirality can be regulated by simply adjusting reaction time. At last, the resultant (+)‐DCDs (700 µg mL−1) are employed to modify maltase in an effort to regulate the hydrolytic rate of maltose, showing an excellent inhibition ratio to maltase of 54.7%, significantly higher than that of (−)‐LCDs (15.5%) in the same reaction conditions. The superior performance may be attributed to the preferable combination of DCDs with maltase. This study provides an electrochemical method to facilely regulate CDs chirality, and explore new applications of chiral CDs as antihyperglycemic therapy for controlling blood glucose levels. Chiral carbon dots (CDs) with opposite optical rotation to the raw materials are synthesized by electrochemical polymerization from l‐ or d‐Glu in aqueous alkali and their optical activity can be tuned facilely by adjusting the reaction time. In addition, DCDs could act as an effective α‐glucosidase inhibitor for regulating blood glucose level.