Patients hospitalized with active tuberculosis and Covid-19 coinfection: A matched case-control from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry

• Published in: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências Vol. 96; no. 1; p. e20230791
• Main Authors: Carvalho, Rafael L R, Aguiar, Gabriella G, Moreira, Jessica F B, Pereira, Daniella N, Augusto, Valéria Maria, Schwarzbold, Alexandre V, Matos, Carolina C, Rios, Danyelle R A, Costa, Felício R, Anschau, Fernando, Chatkin, José Miguel, Ruschel, Karen B, Carneiro, Marcelo, Oliveira, Neimy R DE, Paraíso, Pedro G, Aguiar, Rubia Laura O, Grizende, Genna Maira S, Marcolino, Milena S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Academia Brasileira de Ciências 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Betacoronavirus; Brazil - epidemiology; Case-Control Studies; Coinfection - epidemiology; Coronavirus Infections - complications; Coronavirus Infections - epidemiology; Covid-19; COVID-19 - complications; Female; Hospital Mortality; Hospitalization; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Infectious diseases; Male; Middle Aged; MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral - complications; Pneumonia, Viral - epidemiology; Prognosis; Registries; SARS-CoV-2; Tuberculosis; Tuberculosis - complications; Tuberculosis - epidemiology; Brazil; Hospitalization; Infectious diseases; Prognosis; Tuberculosis; Covid-19
• ISSN: 0001-3765; 1678-2690; 1678-2690
• DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230791

Although control of Covid-19 has improved, the virus continues to cause infections, such as tuberculosis, that is still endemic in many countries, representing a scenario of coinfection. To compare Covid-19 clinical manifestations and outcomes between patients with active tuberculosis infection and matched controls. This is a matched case-control study based on data from the Brazilian Covid-19 Registry, in hospitalized patients aged 18 or over with laboratory confirmed Covid-19 from March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2022. Cases were patients with tuberculosis and controls were Covid-19 patients without tuberculosis. From 13,636 Covid-19, 36 also had active tuberculosis (0.0026%). Pulmonary fibrosis (5.6% vs 0.0%), illicit drug abuse (30.6% vs 3.0%), alcoholism (33.3% vs 11.9%) and smoking (50.0% vs 9.7%) were more common among patients with tuberculosis. They also had a higher frequency of nausea and vomiting (25.0% vs 10.4%). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality, mechanical ventilation, need for dialysis and ICU stay. Patients with TB infection presented a higher frequency of pulmonary fibrosis, abuse of illicit drugs, alcoholism, current smoking, symptoms of nausea and vomiting. The outcomes were similar between them.