The first complete 3D reconstruction and morphofunctional mapping of an insect eye

• Published in: eLife Vol. 14
• Main Authors: Makarova, Anastasia A, Chua, Nicholas J, Diakova, Anna V, Desyatirkina, Inna A, Gunn, Pat, Pang, Song, Xu, C Shan, Hess, Harald F, Chklovskii, Dmitri B, Polilov, Alexey A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 01.05.2025; eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
• Subjects: Animals; Compound eye; Compound Eye, Arthropod - anatomy & histology; Compound Eye, Arthropod - ultrastructure; Cornea; Electron microscopy; Evolutionary Biology; Eye - anatomy & histology; Eye - ultrastructure; Female; Functional morphology; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Insects; Megaphragma viggianii; Microscopy, Electron; miniaturization; Morphology; Neuroscience; Ommatidia; Photoreceptors; Polarized light; Scanning electron microscopy; Sense organs; Specialization; Trichogrammatidae; vision; Wasps - anatomy & histology; Wasps - ultrastructure; vision; miniaturization; evolutionary biology; Megaphragma viggianii; neuroscience; Trichogrammatidae
• ISSN: 2050-084X; 2050-084X
• DOI: 10.7554/eLife.103247

The structure of compound eyes in arthropods has been the subject of many studies, revealing important biological principles. Until recently, these studies were constrained by the two-dimensional nature of available ultrastructural data. By taking advantage of the novel three-dimensional ultrastructural dataset obtained using volume electron microscopy, we present the first cellular-level reconstruction of the whole compound eye of an insect, the miniaturized parasitoid wasp Megaphragma viggianii . The compound eye of the female M. viggianii consists of 29 ommatidia and contains 478 cells. Despite the almost anucleate brain, all cells of the compound eye contain nuclei. As in larger insects, the dorsal rim area of the eye in M. viggianii contains ommatidia that are believed to be specialized in polarized light detection as reflected in their corneal and retinal morphology. We report the presence of three ‘ectopic’ photoreceptors. Our results offer new insights into the miniaturization of compound eyes and scaling of sensory organs in general.