Brominated Depsidones with Antibacterial Effects from a Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Spiromastix sp

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 22; no. 2; p. 78
• Main Authors: Huang, Zequan, Liu, Dong, Chen, Shang, Ren, Jinwei, Gao, Chenghai, Li, Zhiyong, Fan, Aili, Lin, Wenhan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.02.2024
• Subjects: Antibacterial activity; Antibacterial agents; antibacterial effects; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotics; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; brominated depsidone; Bromination; Carbon; Deep sea; Deep sea environments; Deep water; Drug resistance; Enterococcus faecium; Fermentation; Fungi; fungus; Gram-positive bacteria; Metabolites; Methicillin; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Natural products; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Sodium; Sodium bromide; Sodium bromides; spectral analysis; Spiromastix sp; Staphylococcus infections; Vancomycin; Spiromastix sp; brominated depsidone; fungus; antibacterial effects
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md22020078

Eleven new brominated depsidones, namely spiromastixones U-Z5 (1–11) along with five known analogues (12–16), were isolated from a deep-sea-derived fungus Spiromastix sp. through the addition of sodium bromide during fermentation. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of the spectroscopic data including high-resolution MS and 1D and 2D NMR data. Compounds 6–10 and 16 exhibited significant inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 μM. Particularly, tribrominated 7 displayed the strongest activity against MRSA and VRE with a MIC of 0.5 and 1.0 μM, respectively, suggesting its potential for further development as a new antibacterial agent.