Estimation of Cell SOC Evolution and System Performance in Module-Based Battery Charge Equalization Systems

Large-scale battery systems have been applied to a number of grid-level energy storage services such as microgrid capability and distribution upgrade due to the penetration of solar/wind energy. In these battery applications, charge imbalance among battery cells/modules/packs becomes a common issue,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inIEEE transactions on smart grid Vol. 10; no. 5; pp. 4717 - 4728
Main Authors Han, Weiji, Zou, Changfu, Zhou, Chen, Zhang, Liang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Piscataway IEEE 01.09.2019
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subjects
Algorithms
Batteries
battery charging/discharging
Battery system
charge balance/equalization
Charge transfer
Charging
computational efficiency
Discharge
Distributed generation
Electric power distribution
Energy storage
Equalization
Equalizers
Estimation
Hazards
Mathematical model
Modules
Product safety
State of charge
Wind power
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Summary:Large-scale battery systems have been applied to a number of grid-level energy storage services such as microgrid capability and distribution upgrade due to the penetration of solar/wind energy. In these battery applications, charge imbalance among battery cells/modules/packs becomes a common issue, which can reduce available battery capacity, accelerate battery degradation, and even cause some safety hazards. To tackle this issue, various battery charge equalization (BCE) systems have been proposed in recent decades, among which the module-based BCE system is widely viewed as a promising solution and has drawn increasing attention. In this paper, we study the module-based BCE systems by presenting a mathematical model that can characterize the charge transfer behavior in such systems, and then propose computationally efficient algorithms to estimate the instantaneous battery cell state of charge (SOC), charge equalization time, and charging/discharging time, based on given system parameters and various initial battery cell SOCs. In addition, the conditions are derived to ensure that all battery cells can reach charge equalization and then get fully charged/discharged together without overcharging/overdischarging. All theoretical results are illustrated and justified through extensive numerical experiments.
ISSN:1949-3053
1949-3061
1949-3061
DOI:10.1109/TSG.2018.2867017