A Novel in Vitro Analog Expressing Learning-Induced Cellular Correlates in Distinct Neural Circuits

• Published in: Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) Vol. 24; no. 8; pp. 331 - 340
• Main Authors: Weisz, Harris A, Wainwright, Marcy L, Mozzachiodi, Riccardo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 01.08.2017
• Subjects: Animals; Aplysia; Correlation; Eating - physiology; Electric Stimulation; Ganglia, Invertebrate - physiology; Learning; Learning - physiology; Membrane Potentials - physiology; Neural Pathways - physiology; Neurology; Neuronal Plasticity - physiology; Neurons, Afferent - physiology; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Serotonin - administration & dosage; Serotonin - metabolism; Stimuli; Tissue Culture Techniques; Training
• ISSN: 1072-0502; 1549-5485; 1549-5485
• DOI: 10.1101/lm.045229.117

When presented with noxious stimuli, "Aplysia" exhibits concurrent sensitization of defensive responses, such as the tail-induced siphon withdrawal reflex (TSWR) and suppression of feeding. At the cellular level, sensitization of the TSWR is accompanied by an increase in the excitability of the tail sensory neurons (TSNs) that elicit the reflex, whereas feeding suppression is accompanied by decreased excitability of B51, a decision-making neuron in the feeding neural circuit. The goal of this study was to develop an in vitro analog coexpressing the above cellular correlates. We used a reduced preparation consisting of buccal, cerebral, and pleural-pedal ganglia, which contain the neural circuits controlling feeding and the TSWR, respectively. Sensitizing stimuli were delivered in vitro by electrical stimulation of afferent nerves. When trained with sensitizing stimuli, the in vitro analog expressed concomitant increased excitability in TSNs and decreased excitability in B51, which are consistent with the occurrence of sensitization and feeding suppression induced by in vivo training. This in vitro analog expressed both short-term (15 min) and long-term (24 h) excitability changes in TSNs and B51, depending on the amount of training administered. Finally, in vitro application of serotonin increased TSN excitability without altering B51 excitability, mirroring the in vivo application of the monoamine that induces sensitization, but not feeding suppression.