Noninvasive Ventilation for the Emergency Physician

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves oxygenation and ventilation, prevents endotracheal intubation, and decreases the mortality rate in select patients with acute respiratory failure. Although NIV is used commonly for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute cardiogen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEmergency medicine clinics of North America Vol. 34; no. 1; p. 51
Main Authors Allison, Michael G, Winters, Michael E
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.02.2016
Subjects
Acute Disease
Contraindications
Emergency Medicine
Emergency Service, Hospital
Emergency Treatment - methods
Humans
Noninvasive Ventilation - methods
Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult - therapy
Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy
Bilevel positive airway pressure
Acute respiratory failure
Noninvasive ventilation
Continuous positive airway pressure
High flow nasal cannula
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Summary:Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves oxygenation and ventilation, prevents endotracheal intubation, and decreases the mortality rate in select patients with acute respiratory failure. Although NIV is used commonly for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, there are emerging indications for its use in the emergency department. Emergency physicians must be knowledgeable regarding the indications and contraindications for NIV in emergency department patients with acute respiratory failure as well as the means of initiating it and monitoring patients who are receiving it.
ISSN:1558-0539
DOI:10.1016/j.emc.2015.08.004