Determination of Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, and Anti-human Lung Cancer Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Green-Formulated by Foeniculum vulgare Extract Combined with Radiotherapy Determination of Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, and Anti-human Lung Cancer Properties of Silver Nanoparticles Green-Formulated by Foeniculum vulgare Extract Combined with Radiotherapy

• Published in: Biological trace element research Vol. 203; no. 4; pp. 2139 - 2148
• Main Authors: Wu, Qian, Qin, Zifu, Sun, Pei, Liu, Fang, Ge, Yin, Wang, Pengbo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.04.2025; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Butylated hydroxytoluene; Cancer; Cell Survival - drug effects; Cell viability; Clinical trials; Cytotoxicity; drug therapy; Effectiveness; Electron microscopy; Endothelial cells; energy; energy-dispersive X-ray analysis; Field emission; Foeniculum - chemistry; Foeniculum vulgare; Green Chemistry Technology; human umbilical vein endothelial cells; Humans; Life Sciences; Lung cancer; lung neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy; Lung Neoplasms - pathology; Lung Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Lungs; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanoparticles; nanosilver; Nutrition; Oncology; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Radiation therapy; radiotherapy; Scanning electron microscopy; Silver; Silver - chemistry; Silver - pharmacology; Spectrophotometry; spectroscopy; Toxicity; toxicity testing; Umbilical cables; Umbilical vein; X rays; X-ray diffraction; Radiotherapy; Antioxidant; Anti-lung cancer; Silver nanoparticles; Chemical characterization; F. vulgare
• ISSN: 0163-4984; 1559-0720; 1559-0720
• DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04332-z

The current investigation involved the silver nanoparticles green synthesis utilizing the aqueous extract derived from the Foeniculum vulgare leaves (AgNPs@FV). The effectiveness of these newly developed nanoparticles in conjunction with radiotherapy was evaluated on lung cancer cells. The synthesized AgNPs@FV underwent characterization through various analytical techniques such as energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometry. The efficacy of AgNPs@FV in conjunction with radiotherapy against human lung cancer was assessed through the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The AgNPs@FV exhibited a spherical morphology ranging in size from 10.16 to 42.74 nm. The EDX diagram of nanoparticles shows energy signals at 3.02 and 2.64 keV, which are attributed to Ag Lβ and Ag Lα, respectively. During the antioxidant evaluation, AgNPs@FV and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) displayed IC 50 values of 166 and 59 µg/mL, respectively. The cells treated with AgNPs@FV in conjunction with radiotherapy were evaluated using the MTT assay over 48 h to determine cytotoxicity and anti-human lung cancer characteristics on normal (human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC)) and lung cancer cells and exhibited IC 50 values of 211, 166, and 296 µg/mL against NCI-H2126, NCI-H1299, and NCI-H1437, respectively. Furthermore, the malignant lung cell viability decreased when treated with a combination of AgNPs@FV and radiotherapy. Based on the aforementioned findings, it is possible that the newly developed AgNPs@FV could serve as a novel chemotherapeutic medication or adjunct for addressing lung cancer following the completion of clinical trials involving human subjects.