Reducing Tourist Stereotyping: Effectiveness of Communication Messages

• Published in: Journal of travel research Vol. 60; no. 2; pp. 281 - 292
• Main Author: Tung, Vincent Wing Sun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.02.2021; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Norms; Social identity; Stereotypes; Tourism; social norm; host–tourist interactions; intergroup relations; social identity; biases
• ISSN: 0047-2875; 1552-6763
• DOI: 10.1177/0047287519900002

This research investigates the effectiveness of messaging strategies to reduce negative tourist stereotyping by residents given the detrimental effects of stereotyping on host–tourist relations. Study 1 examines the effects of two strategies: “prevalence of stereotyping message” (PSM) and “prevalence of counter-stereotyping message” (PCSM), compared to a control group via a between-subjects experimental design. Study 2 investigates whether eliciting a common identity between residents and tourists could further improve these strategies via a 2 (stereotype reduction: PSM vs. PCSM) × 2 (identity: tourists as residents vs. residents as tourists) between-subjects experimental design. Study 3 examines the boundary conditions of these strategies with a group of nonlocal, subgroup residents. The findings show that tourist stereotypes are malleable, and stereotype reduction efforts through communication messages could reduce biases against tourists by residents. This research contributes by connecting concepts on stereotype reduction, social norms, and social identity with tourism stereotype research.