Decreased Tenofovir Diphosphate Concentrations in a Transgender Female Cohort: Implications for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis

• Published in: Clinical infectious diseases Vol. 69; no. 12; pp. 2201 - 2204
• Main Authors: Cottrell, Mackenzie L, Prince, Heather M A, Schauer, Amanda P, Sykes, Craig, Maffuid, Kaitlyn, Poliseno, Amanda, Chun, Tae-Wook, Huiting, Erin, Stanczyk, Frank Z, Peery, Anne F, Dellon, Evan S, Adams, Jessica L, Gay, Cindy, Kashuba, Angela D M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 27.11.2019
• Subjects: Adenine - administration & dosage; Adenine - analogs & derivatives; Adenine - pharmacokinetics; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-HIV Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-HIV Agents - pharmacokinetics; Brief Reports and; Drug Monitoring; Female; HIV - drug effects; HIV Infections - drug therapy; HIV Infections - prevention & control; HIV Infections - virology; Humans; Middle Aged; Organophosphates - administration & dosage; Organophosphates - pharmacokinetics; Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis; Tissue Distribution; Transgender Persons; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; preexposure prophylaxis; HIV; lower gastrointestinal tract; feminizing hormone therapy; transgender
• ISSN: 1058-4838; 1537-6591
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz290

Abstract Feminizing hormone therapy (FHT) may interact with human immunodeficiency virus preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We found that transgender women who took FHT exhibited a 7-fold lower rectal tissue ratio of PrEP’s active metabolites vs competing deoxynucleotides compared to cisgender women and men (P = .03) that inversely correlated with estradiol (ρ = –0.79; P < .05). Thus, FHT may negatively impact PrEP efficacy. Clinical Trials Registration . NCT02983110.