Cannabidiol Rescues TNF-α-Inhibited Proliferation, Migration, and Osteogenic/Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells

• Published in: Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 1; p. 118
• Main Authors: Yu, Lina, Zeng, Liting, Zhang, Zeyu, Zhu, Guanxiong, Xu, Zidan, Xia, Junyi, Weng, Jinlong, Li, Jiang, Pathak, Janak Lal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 06.01.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Bone growth; Bone marrow; Cannabidiol; Cannabidiol - metabolism; Cannabidiol - pharmacology; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Cell Differentiation; Cell growth; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Clinical medicine; Dental Pulp; dental pulp stem cells; Dentin; dentin/pulp regeneration; Disease; Flow cytometry; Gene expression; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Medical research; Mesenchyme; Mineralization; Oral hygiene; Osteogenesis - physiology; pulpitis; Regeneration; Stem Cells; Teeth; Tissue engineering; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - metabolism; Tumor necrosis factor-α; Umbilical cord; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Beijing China; St Louis Missouri; United States > US; China; cannabidiol; dentin/pulp regeneration; inflammation; pulpitis; dental pulp stem cells
• ISSN: 2218-273X; 2218-273X
• DOI: 10.3390/biom13010118

Strategies to promote dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) functions including proliferation, migration, pro-angiogenic effects, and odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation are in urgent need to restore pulpitis-damaged dentin/pulp regeneration and DPSCs-based bone tissue engineering applications. Cannabidiol (CBD), an active component of Cannabis sativa has shown anti-inflammation, chemotactic, anti-microbial, and tissue regenerative potentials. Based on these facts, this study aimed to analyze the effect of CBD on DPSCs proliferation, migration, and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation in basal and inflammatory conditions. Highly pure DPSCs with characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were successfully isolated, as indicated by the results of flowcytometry and multi-lineage (osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic) differentiation potentials. Among the concentration tested (0.1-12.5 µM), CBD (2.5 μM) showed the highest anabolic effect on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Pro-angiogenic growth factor VEGF mRNA expression was robustly higher in CBD-treated DPSCs. CBD also prompted the migration of DPSCs and CBD receptor CB1 and CB2 expression in DPSCs. TNF-α inhibited the viability, migration, and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and CBD reversed these effects. CBD alleviated the TNF-α-upregulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 in DPSCs. In conclusion, our results indicate the possible application of CBD on DPSCs-based dentin/pulp and bone regeneration.