Aesthetic uses of the botulinum toxin

The cosmetic use of botulinum toxin (BoNT) is the most common cosmetic procedure performed in the world today. Common adverse events seen in the aesthetic use of the BoNT include swelling, localized bruising, headaches, injection site discomfort, excessive muscle weakness, and unintended paresis of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inDermatologic clinics Vol. 32; no. 1; p. 23
Main Authors Dorizas, Andrew, Krueger, Nils, Sadick, Neil S
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.01.2014
Subjects
Animals
Botulinum Toxins - administration & dosage
Botulinum Toxins - chemistry
Botulinum Toxins - immunology
Botulinum Toxins - pharmacology
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Cosmetic Techniques
Drug Storage
Esthetics
Face
Humans
Skin Aging - drug effects
Facial rhytides
Perioral rhytides
Glabellar lines
Botulinum neurotoxin
BoNTA
Fillers
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Summary:The cosmetic use of botulinum toxin (BoNT) is the most common cosmetic procedure performed in the world today. Common adverse events seen in the aesthetic use of the BoNT include swelling, localized bruising, headaches, injection site discomfort, excessive muscle weakness, and unintended paresis of adjacent muscles. BoNT has a wide array of cosmetic uses, including treatment of glabellar lines, chemical browlift, forehead wrinkles, periorbital, and perioral lines. The future formulations and applications of BoNT type A will be plentiful, and are exciting to consider.
ISSN:1558-0520
DOI:10.1016/j.det.2013.09.009