Catalase prevents myeloperoxidase self-destruction in response to oxidative stress

• Published in: Journal of inorganic biochemistry Vol. 197; p. 110706
• Main Authors: Ali, Iyad, Khan, Sana N., Chatzicharalampous, Charalampos, Bai, David, Abu-Soud, Husam M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.08.2019
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Catalase; Free iron; Heme destruction; MPO; Respiratory inflammation; Antioxidants; Free iron; Catalase; MPO; Respiratory inflammation; Heme destruction
• ISSN: 0162-0134; 1873-3344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110706

Catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxiase (MPO) are heme-containing enzymes that have attracted attention for their role in the etiology of numerous respiratory disorders such as cystic fibrosis, bronchial asthma, and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, information regarding the interrelationship and competition between the two enzymes, free iron accumulation, and decreased levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants at sites of inflammation is still lacking. Myeloperoxidase catalyzes the generation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) from the reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride (Cl−). Self-generated HOCl has recently been proposed to auto-inhibit MPO through a mechanism that involves MPO heme destruction. Here, we investigate the interplay of MPO, HOCl, and CAT during catalysis, and explore the crucial role of MPO inhibitors and HOCl scavengers in protecting the catalytic site from protein modification of both enzymes against oxidative damage mediated by HOCl. We showed that CAT not only competes with MPO for H2O2 but also scavenges HOCl. The protective role provided by CAT versus the damaging effect provided by HOCl depends in part on the ratio between MPO/CAT and the affinity of the enzymes towards H2O2 versus HOCl. The severity of such damaging effects mainly depends on the ratio of HOCl to enzyme heme content. In addition to its effect in mediating protein modification and aggregation, HOCl oxidatively destroys the catalytic sites of the enzymes, which contain porphyrin rings and iron. Thus, modulation of MPO/CAT activities may be a fundamental feature of catalysis, and functions to down-regulate HOCl synthesis and prevent hemoprotein heme destruction and/or protein modification. Working kinetic model for the H2O2 and HOCl interaction with both MPO and CAT. [Display omitted] •Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) generated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) destroys hemoprotein heme moiety.•Catalase (CAT) not only competes with MPO for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) but also scavenges HOCl.•CAT protective role vs. HOCl damaging effect depends on MPO/CAT ratio.•Altered MPO/CAT ratio regulates HOCl production and ceases heme destruction.•Modulation of MPO/CAT activities may be a fundamental feature of catalysis.