Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors on Pancreatic β-Cell Mass and Function

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 23; no. 9; p. 5104
• Main Author: Nakamura, Akinobu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 04.05.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Animal models; Apoptosis; Beta cells; Cell culture; Cell growth; Cell proliferation; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetic retinopathy; Gene expression; glucokinase; Glucose; Glucose - therapeutic use; glucose metabolism; Glucose transporter; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hyperglycemia - complications; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Inhibitors; Insulin resistance; insulin secretion; Kidney diseases; Metabolism; Metabolites; Organs; Oxidative stress; Pancreas; Pathophysiology; Prevention; Review; Rodents; Sodium; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - pharmacology; Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Symporters; Transcription factors; beta-cells; insulin secretion; glucose metabolism; glucokinase
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095104

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) not only have antihyperglycemic effects and are associated with a low risk of hypoglycemia but also have protective effects in organs, including the heart and kidneys. The pathophysiology of diabetes involves chronic hyperglycemia, which causes excessive demands on pancreatic β-cells, ultimately leading to decreases in β-cell mass and function. Because SGLT2is ameliorate hyperglycemia without acting directly on β-cells, they are thought to prevent β-cell failure by reducing glucose overload in this cell type. Several studies have shown that treatment with an SGLT2i increases β-cell proliferation and/or reduces β-cell apoptosis, resulting in the preservation of β-cell mass in animal models of diabetes. In addition, many clinical trials have shown that that SGLT2is improve β-cell function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In this review, the preclinical and clinical data regarding the effects of SGLT2is on pancreatic β-cell mass and function are summarized and the protective effect of SGLT2is in β-cells is discussed.