Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 on Different Parameters Related to Health Status of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the Protection Against Yersinia ruckeri

• Published in: Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins Vol. 12; no. 4; pp. 1370 - 1384
• Main Authors: Hooshyar, Yalda, Abedian Kenari, Abdolmohammad, Paknejad, Hamed, Gandomi, Hassan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: alginates; Alginic acid; Applied Microbiology; Blood; blood chemistry; Body composition; Body weight gain; Catalase; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Chitosan; Cholesterol; complement; Diet; feed conversion; fish; Growth factors; growth performance; health status; hemolysis; Immune response; Interleukin 1; Lactobacillus rhamnosus; Lysozyme; meat quality; Microbiology; microencapsulation; Nutrition; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Physical growth; Probiotics; protein content; Protein Science; Proteins; Starch; Superoxide dismutase; survival rate; Trout; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α; weight gain; Yersinia ruckeri; Probiotic; ATCC 7469; Immunostimulant; Hypocholesterolemic effect; Immunity; Yersinia ruckeri; Lactobacillus rhamnosus
• ISSN: 1867-1306; 1867-1314; 1867-1314
• DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09645-8

In the current study, we investigated the effect of a probiotic bacterium ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469) microencapsulated with alginate and hi-maize starch and coated with chitosan on improving growth factors, body composition, blood chemistry, and the immune response of rainbow trout (initial weight: 18.41 ± 0.32 g). Four experimental diets were formulated to feed fish for 60 days. They were control diet without any additive (C), diet added with beads without probiotic (E), a probiotic sprayed to the diet (L.r), and encapsulated probiotic supplemented diet (E-L.r). The results indicated that feeding with E-Lr significantly improved weight gain (84.98 g) and feed conversion ratio (0.95) compared to the other groups ( P  < 0.05). Also, fish fed E-Lr diet had a significantly higher value of whole-body protein (17.51%), total protein in the blood (4.98 g/dL), lysozyme (30.66 U/mL), alternative complement pathway hemolytic activity (134 U/mL), superoxide dismutase (203 U/mg protein), and catalase (528.33 U/mg protein) ( P  < 0.05) as compared to those fed the control diet. Similarly, a higher relative expression of immune-related genes such as interleukin-1 (Il-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-1α) were reported in those fed E-L.r and L.r diets respectively. Interestingly, the fish fed dietary E-L.r had a significantly lower value of lipid in the whole body (4.82%) and cholesterol in the blood (160.67%) in comparison with those fed the control diet ( P  < 0.05). At the end of the experiment, all groups were challenged by Yersinia ruckeri where the survival rate of rainbow trout fed dietary E-L.r (70.36%) was statistically higher than that of the others ( P  < 0.05). Overall, the results suggested that encapsulated probiotic Lact . rhamnosus ATCC 7469 acted better than unencapsulated probiotic and has a potential to improve growth performance, flesh quality, and the immune response of rainbow trout.