Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Adenovirus 40/41, Astrovirus, and Sapovirus in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis in Kansas City, 2011–2016

• Published in: The Journal of infectious diseases Vol. 231; no. 1; pp. 186 - 195
• Main Authors: Diez-Valcarce, Marta, Cannon, Jennifer L, Browne, Hannah, Nguyen, Kenny, Harrison, Christopher J, Moffatt, Mary E, Weltmer, Kirsten, Lee, Brian R, Hassan, Ferdaus, Dhar, Debarpan, Wikswo, Mary E, Payne, Daniel C, Curns, Aaron T, Selvarangan, Rangaraj, Vinjé, Jan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: US Oxford University Press 04.02.2025
• Subjects: Acute Disease; Adenoviruses; Adenoviruses, Human - classification; Adenoviruses, Human - genetics; Adenoviruses, Human - isolation & purification; Age; Astroviridae Infections - epidemiology; Astroviridae Infections - virology; Caliciviridae Infections - epidemiology; Caliciviridae Infections - virology; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Childrens health; Emergency medical care; Feces - virology; Female; Gastroenteritis; Gastroenteritis - epidemiology; Gastroenteritis - virology; Genetic diversity; Genetic Variation; Hospitalization - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kansas - epidemiology; Male; Mamastrovirus - genetics; Mamastrovirus - isolation & purification; Norovirus; Patients; Pediatrics; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Sapovirus - genetics; Sapovirus - isolation & purification; Surveillance; Kansas; United States > US; Kansas City Missouri; genetic diversity; astrovirus; sapovirus; acute gastroenteritis; adenovirus 40/41
• ISSN: 0022-1899; 1537-6613; 1537-6613
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae251

Abstract Background Most acute gastroenteritis (AGE) episodes in children in the United States are attributed to norovirus, whereas very little information is available on adenovirus 40/41 (AdV40/41), astrovirus, or sapovirus. The New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) conducted prospective, active, population-based AGE surveillance in young children. Methods We tested and typed stool specimens collected between December 2011 and June 2016 from 1 NVSN site in Kansas City for the 3 viruses, and calculated hospitalization and emergency department (ED) detection rates. Results Of 3205 collected specimens, 2453 (76.5%) were from AGE patients (339 inpatients and 2114 ED patients) and 752 (23.5%) were from healthy controls. In patients with AGE, astrovirus was detected in 94 (3.8%), sapovirus in 252 (10.3%), and AdV40/41 in 101 (4.5%) of 2249 patients. In healthy controls, astrovirus was detected in 13 (1.7%) and sapovirus in 15 (2.0%) specimens. Astrovirus type 1 (37.7%) and genogroup I sapoviruses (59.3%) were most prevalent. Hospitalization rates were 5 (AdV40/41), 4 (astrovirus), and 8 (sapovirus) per 100 000 children <11 years old, whereas ED rates were 2.4 (AdV40/41), 1.9 (astrovirus), and 5.3 (sapovirus) per 1000 children <5 years old. Conclusions Overall, AdV40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus were detected in 18.6% of AGE in a large pediatric hospital in Kansas City. AdV40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus contributed to 18.6% of medically attended acute gastroenteritis during a 5-year prospective surveillance period in a large pediatric hospital in Kansas City, United States, whereas the rate in healthy controls was 3.7% for sapovirus and astrovirus.