Pharmacological treatment with annexin A1-derived peptide protects against cisplatin-induced hearing loss

• Published in: Toxicology letters Vol. 363; pp. 27 - 35
• Main Authors: Sena, Letícia S., Sasso, Gisela R.S., Sanches, José Marcos, Franco, Paulo C., Azevedo, Marisa F., Oliani, Sonia M., Gil, Cristiane D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.06.2022
• Subjects: Ac2–26; Animals; Annexin A1 - pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents - toxicity; Cisplatin; Cisplatin - toxicity; Distortion product otoacoustic emissions; Hearing Loss - chemically induced; Hearing Loss - prevention & control; Inner ear; Neuron; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Ototoxicity - prevention & control; Peptides - pharmacology; Rat; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Scanning electron microscopy; Scanning electron microscopy; Neuron; Rat; Ac2–26; Distortion product otoacoustic emissions; Inner ear; Cisplatin; Ac(2–26)
• ISSN: 0378-4274; 1879-3169
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.05.001

Cisplatin is an antineoplastic agent widely used, and no effective treatments capable of preventing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and neurotoxicity in humans have yet been identified. This study evaluated the effect of the anti-inflammatory annexin A1 (AnxA1)-derived peptide Ac2–26 in a cisplatin-induced ototoxicity model. Wistar rats received intraperitoneal injections of cisplatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 3 days to induce hearing loss, and Ac2–26 (1 mg/kg) was administered 15 min before cisplatin administration. Control animals received an equal volume of saline. Hearing thresholds were measured by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) before and after treatments. Pharmacological treatment with Ac2–26 protected against cisplatin-induced hearing loss, as evidenced by DPOAE results showing similar signal–noise ratios between the control and Ac2–26-treated groups. These otoprotective effects of Ac2–26 were associated with an increased number of ganglion neurons compared with the untreated cisplatin group. Additionally, Ac2–26 treatment produced reduced immunoreactivity on cleaved caspase 3 and phosphorylated ERK levels in the ganglion neurons, compared to the untreated group, supporting the neuroprotective effects of the Ac2–26. Our results suggest that Ac2–26 has a substantial otoprotective effect in this cisplatin-induced ototoxicity model mediated by neuroprotection and the regulation of the ERK pathway. [Display omitted] •Administration of cisplatin in rats resulted in significant distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) decrease.•Ac2–26 protects against cisplatin-induced-hearing loss showed by 100% retention of the DPOAE in the 3–8 kHz frequencies.•Ac2–26 treatment decreases neuronal loss in the inner ear ganglions after cisplatin administration.•Neuroprotective effect of Ac2–26 is associated with downregulation of ERK activation in neurons.