The Influence of Anthocyanidin Profile on Antileishmanial Activity of Arrabidaea chica Morphotypes

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 15; p. 3547
• Main Authors: Moragas-Tellis, Carla Junqueira, Almeida-Souza, Fernando, Chagas, Maria do Socorro Dos Santos, Souza, Paulo Victor Ramos de, Silva-Silva, João Victor, Ramos, Ygor Jessé, Moreira, Davyson de Lima, Calabrese, Kátia da Silva, Behrens, Maria Dutra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 03.08.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: anthocyanidins; Anthocyanins - chemistry; Anthocyanins - isolation & purification; Anthocyanins - pharmacology; Antiprotozoal Agents - chemistry; Antiprotozoal Agents - isolation & purification; Antiprotozoal Agents - pharmacology; Arrabidaea chica; Bignoniaceae; Bignoniaceae - chemistry; Bignoniaceae - metabolism; carajurin; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Correlation analysis; Flavonoids; High performance liquid chromatography; Inflammation; Ionization; Leishmania amazonensis; Leishmania mexicana - drug effects; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Measles; Multivariate analysis; phytochemical profile; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Principal Component Analysis; Principal components analysis; Proanthocyanidins - chemistry; Proanthocyanidins - isolation & purification; Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology; season; Seasons; Spectrophotometry; Statistical analysis; Statistical correlation; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Tropical diseases; Varicella; Viral diseases; Wound healing; phytochemical profile; anthocyanidins; season; Bignoniaceae; carajurin; Leishmania amazonensis
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153547

Verlot (crajiru) is a plant used in folk medicine as an astringent, anti-inflammatory, wound healing and to treat fungal and viral diseases such as measles chickenpox and herpes. has several morphotypes recognized but little is known about its chemical variability. In the present study the anthocyanidin profile of morphotypes collected in two seasons (summer and winter) have been examined and their activity against infection compared. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD-UV) and by tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (ESI-MS/MS) were used for anthocyanidin separation and identification. Antileishmanial activity was measured against promastigote forms of . Multivariate analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation were performed to classify morphotypes accordingly to their anthocyanidin profile. The presence of 6,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-5-methoxyflavylium (3'-hydroxy-carajurone) (1), carajurone (2), 6,7,3'-trihydroxy-5,4'-dimethoxy-flavylium (3'-hydroxy-carajurin) (3) and carajurin (4), and three unidentified anthocyanidins were detected. Two different groups were recognized: group I containing 3'-hydroxy-carajurone; and group II with high content of carajurin. Among anthocyanidins identified in the extracts, only carajurin showed significant statistical correlation ( = 0.030) with activity against . Carajurin could thus be considered as a pharmacological marker for the antileishmanial potential of the species.