Proton motive force dissipation precludes interaction of microcin J25 with RNA polymerase, but enhances reactive oxygen species overproduction

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol. 1790; no. 10; pp. 1307 - 1313
• Main Authors: Dupuy, Fernando G., Chirou, María V. Niklison, de Arcuri, Beatriz Fernández, Minahk, Carlos J., Morero, Roberto D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2009
• Subjects: 2,4 DNP; 2,4-Dinitrophenol - pharmacology; Amino Acid Substitution; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Bacteriocins - genetics; Bacteriocins - metabolism; Bacteriocins - pharmacology; Cell Membrane - drug effects; Cell Membrane - metabolism; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases - metabolism; E. coli; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Escherichia coli - genetics; Escherichia coli - metabolism; Escherichia coli Proteins - genetics; Escherichia coli Proteins - metabolism; Escherichia coli Proteins - pharmacology; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - drug effects; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microcin; Mutation; Oxygen Consumption - drug effects; Peptide uptake; Protein Binding - drug effects; Proton-Motive Force; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Uncoupling Agents - pharmacology; 2,4 DNP; Reactive oxygen species; Peptide uptake; Microcin; E. coli
• ISSN: 0304-4165; 0006-3002; 1872-8006
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.006

Microcin J25 targets the RNA polymerase as well as bacterial membranes. Because there is scarce information on the relationship between the uptake and the activity, a fluorescent microcin J25-derivative was used to further characterize its mechanism of action. MccJ25 I13K was labeled with FITC and its uptake by sensitive cells was assessed by fluorescence measurements from supernatants of MccJ25- Escherichia coli suspensions. The interaction of the peptide with bacterial membranes was investigated by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Oxygen consumption was measured with Clark-type electrode. RNA synthesis was evaluated in vivo by incorporation of [ 3H]uridine. ROS production was assayed by measuring the fluorescence emission of the ROS-sensitive probe 5(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The protonophore 2,4-dinitrophenol decreased 80% of the MccJ25 uptake and prevented inhibition of transcriptional activity, the antibiotic intracellular target. On the other hand, peptide binding to bacterial membranes was not affected and antibacterial activity remained nearly unchanged. Proton gradient dissipation by protonophore accelerated cell oxygen consumption rates and enhanced MccJ25-related reactive oxygen species overproduction. The deleterious reactive oxygen species would be produced as a consequence of the minor fraction of MccJ25 that interacts with the bacterial plasma membrane from the periplasmic side. These results show the first evidence of the mechanism underlying ROS production in sensitive bacteria.