The Effect of Maternal Body Condition Score Before and During Pregnancy on the Glucose Tolerance of Adult Sheep Offspring

• Published in: Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) Vol. 15; no. 5; pp. 448 - 456
• Main Authors: Cripps, Roselle L., Green, Lucy R., Thompson, John, Martin-Gronert, Malgorzata S., Monk, Melanie, Sheldon, I. Martin, Hanson, Mark A., Hales, C.N., Ozanne, Susan E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01.05.2008; Springer International Publishing; Sage
• Subjects: Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Biological and medical sciences; Birth Weight - physiology; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Body Constitution - physiology; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Embryology; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance; Female; Glucose - metabolism; Glucose Tolerance Test; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Insulin - blood; Male; Medical sciences; Medicine & Public Health; Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism; Nutritional Status - physiology; Obstetrics/Perinatology/Midwifery; Pregnancy; Random Allocation; Reproductive Medicine; Sheep - blood; Sheep - embryology; Sheep - metabolism; Sheep - physiology; maternal body composition; Developmental programming; type 2 diabetes; Endocrinopathy; Type 2 diabetes; Programming; Glucose; Body composition; Mother; Development; Adult; Female; Ungulata; Human; Gynecology; Tolerance; Metabolic diseases; Obstetrics; Pregnancy; Progeny; Vertebrata; Score; Mammalia; Animal; Sheep; Artiodactyla
• ISSN: 1933-7191; 1933-7205
• DOI: 10.1177/1933719107312161

This study investigates the effects of diet-induced changes in maternal body condition on glucose tolerance in sheep. Welsh Mountain ewes were established, by dietary manipulation, at a body condition score of 2 (lower body condition [LBCS], n = 17) or >3 (higher body condition [HBCS], n = 19) prior to and during pregnancy. Birth weight and postnatal growth were similar in LBCS and HBCS offspring. In young adulthood, LBCS offspring had increased fasting glucose levels (3.8 ± 0.07 vs 3.6 ± 0.05 mM, P < .05), poorer glucose tolerance (2274 ± 22.6 vs 2161 ± 33 min/mM, P < .01), and reduced insulin secretion (0.58 ± 0.05 vs 0.71 ± 0.07 nM/min, P = .07). Increased fasting glycemia, mild glucose intolerance, and impaired initial insulin secretory response, as observed in LBCS offspring, are indictors of increased diabetes risk in humans. These findings suggest that altered maternal body composition and an imbalance between the fetal and postnatal environment influence offspring glucose tolerance.